In modern medicine, parasitic lesions are considered one of the more uncomfortable and dangerous problems. They can "settle" in various systems and bodies of the human body, causing various diseases, as well as negatively affect the general physical condition. The current fight against pests is an urgent task that requires an integrated approach and professional treatment.
The spread of parasitic infections in a modern society increased significantly. This is a consequence of the increase in the number of tourist trips abroad, strengthening the links between different cultures and increase the level of population movements. Despite all success in the area of sanitary and hygiene, it is likely that the probability of infection to parasites remains to this day. In addition, the appearance of new varieties of parasites significantly complicates the task and requires the formation of even more efficient treatment methods and diagnosis.
A large degree of adaptation and variability is inherently in just living beings, so the idea of parasites can live within our body causes fear and rejection.
Causes of parasite in the body
Through contaminated food or water
Many parasites have the ability to live in poorly cooked or not processed food. For example,trichinosis- Infectious disease generated by Helminas from Trichinel. Infection by them can occur in case of spending of raw or bad fried meat.
Contact with dirty land and surfaces
Some types of parasites can exist for a long time in the environment and remain sustainable at the same time. The person is infected, touching the land or surface, contaminated, for example, animal feces. An example of such infection is caused by infectious diseasesAscarids(worms).
Bad hygiene
Irregular hand washing before eating and after the toilet increases the risk of helminthiasis. In addition, improper warehouses and cooking can create favorable conditions for their distribution. Accommodation in the conditions of unsanitary conditions (poor hygiene or insufficient care for animals that live nearby) also contributes to the development of parasitic infections.
Weak immunity
Unstable nutrition, stress, lack of sleep and the presence of chronic diseases may weaken the immune functions of the body, which is also a common cause of infection.
Parasites in the human body: Signs, symptoms, how to get rid of
What are the types of parasites
Helminths (intestinal worms)
They are the most common parasitic group living in the human body, feeding the digestive tract and tissues. Their most famous representatives areAskarids,Trematodes(liver and intestines),Cestodes(worms-strips), some kindNematode.
Right
These are microscopic organisms living in the human body or its cavity. For example, Giardias causes Lamblioz, and Amebas can cause amoebic dysentery.
Herbal parasites
These are microorganisms that use animal or vegetable environment for their growth and development. Some of them can infect the person and cause the appearance of the leather fungus.
Blood -sucking insects
Mosquitoes and ticks can also be carriers of some infections. The ticks are pathogenic ticks and borleriosis, and mosquitoes are malaria and dengue fever.
Ectoplant
Live on the skin of the person (leather ears) or hairy surface (pedicula).
Pathogenic bacteria
Despite the fact that most bacteria is useful for the human body, there are those who can harm. They include staphylococcus and streptococcus.
Each type of parasite has its own characteristic characteristics of the body effect and requires a special approach to drug therapy. In this regard, it is worth always to apply for medical assistance in case of suspicion of parasitic infection.
Methods of transmitting parasites
Contact with dirty soil or water
Parasites can live in soil or ponds. When they communicate with them, they can penetrate the epidermis. To protect it, follow the elementary hygienic rules: Wash your hands thoroughly before eating, do not consume raw or insufficiently cooked food and do not swim in dirty open ponds.
Through insect bites
Certain varieties of mosquitoes, ticks and flies can convey different diseases, such as malaria or dermatitis. To protect against bites and prevent infection, you should use special repulsive funds, placed on closed clothes during the walks or nature, avoid accumulation of waste or stagnation of water, which can attract insects.
Eating a product or drink infected with parasitic eggs
This can happen with insufficient food treatment and using poorly washed vegetables and fruits. Frequent to execute until the product is absolutely fried. You should get along and that vegetables and fruits need to wash thoroughly before use.
Parasites passed away from person to person
The exchanger exchange is done in close contact with infected clothing, personal belongings or bedding. To prevent infection, you need to change bed linen regularly, do not use external personal belongings, and also try not to deal with sick people.
Symptoms of parasite in the human body
Constant fatigue
The occurrence of constant fatigue, indifference and incapacity of focusing is due to the fact that parasites les the body needed for the proper functioning of nutrients.
Problems with a chair
This has different events: diarrhea, prison, or color change and texture of feces. Often, pathogens can affect the functioning of the digestive system, so some people can defrost from certain products.
Skin problems
Manifests in a rash, itching or excessive dry skin. Parasia organisms cause allergic reactions and inflammation, which can lead to skin problems.
A steady feeling of thirst
This is due to the fact that some types of parasites have the ability to consume a large amount of liquid for their existence. The key sign of the body's imbalance, in which parasites causing a constant desire, may be craving.
Change your appetite
Individual people suffer from constant feeling hungry, while others, on the contrary, lose interest in food. Worms affect metabolic processes, which is why dysfunction of digestion occurs, leading to weight loss.
Sensitivity to infections
Frequent leakage from nose and reaction to allergens - all this may result in a weakened immune system. The parasites of weak body protective mechanisms and make it more vulnerable to respiratory infections.
Who is at risk
Children
This situation explains several factors: non-formed immune system, weaker mechanisms for body protection and insufficient knowledge of hygiene. The possibility of infection with certain types of parasites increases when children with animals are contacted and during the game on the street.
Tourists
People visiting exotic countries or regions with a high level of parasite infection also risk the risk. Some types of parasites are transferred to insect stabs, contact with contaminated water or improperly prepared food. The most preferred preventive measures for passengers are vaccinations and the use of antiparasitic agents.
Residents of rural areas
The parasites are more prone to people living in rural areas or have direct contact with animals (farmers and hunters). For example, lamblioz and trichinologists are often found in people involved in animal husbandry or consuming insufficiently too much meat.
Immunity
People with a weakened immune system (for example, HIV-positive patients or receiving immunosuppressive therapy) are more likely to become carriers of parasitic infections.
How infection affects the immune system
During the parasite infection, the human body activates various immune mechanisms for detecting and destroying these foreign agents. The immune system responds to the presence of parasites, antibodic production and cytokine production. These are these proteins that help fight infections. In addition, special immune system cells - neutrophils and macrophages - phagocytes (absorb) pathogens.
However, some types of parasites are evolved in such a way as to avoid the action of the host immune system. This allows parasites to long to persevere in the human body and teaching provoke various diseases.
The immune system, in the case of allergic reactions to parasites, begins to produce multiple IGE type antibodies and can cause strong combustion skin. In addition, some types of parasites have the opportunity to combat the immune responsibility of the owner by releasing special components or modulating cell receptor activities.
Therefore, foreign studies have shown that the infection of some type parasites can lead to a change in the reaction of the immune system to other infections. For example, some offices (worms) harder suppress the immune response of bacteria or viral infections. This makes a person more susceptible to different types of infections.
Some types of parasites can cause organ damage. As a result, the total body resistance and deterioration may occur and deteriorate its ability to combat other infections.
How to determine the presence of the parasite in the body
- Helminthological analysis - studying the content of the recovery for the presence of parasitic eggs. This research method is one of the most popular and more convenient to identify infection. You must collect a pattern of feces in a clean container for analysis and take it to the lab. Adult Helmintha are located without optical devices, and eggs - using banging.
- Blood test for immunoglobulin to parasites. This method enables the determination of the presence of antibodies in the body, which are formed during the contact with parasites. The study can help detect infections caused by parasites - for example, toxoplasm or desisthorchiasis.
- Ultrasonic study. It is used to determine the presence of specific types of microorganisms (worms and protozoal infections).
- Calculated tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Using computer tomographs or magnetic resonance imaging, parasitic infections, such as echinococcal or toxoplasmosis, can be detected.
- Biopsy. During the biopsy, a small sample of tissues using needles or surgical tools is removed, and then studied under a microscope.
Conclusion on the presence of infection should be made exclusively attending the glistologist after examining the patient and evaluating his complaints, as well as taking into account the epidemic situation.
Treatment of parasites in the human body
Many patients with parasitic infections do not notice the presence of these guest hatred while the symptoms of the disease do not become obvious. Determining the correct diagnosis is the first step towards the fight against parasites. It is necessary to advise with an experienced parasitologist to reveal the exact cause of the problem and choose the most efficient treatment.
Medicine treatment
Such drugs are sold in the pharmacy in accordance with the recipe, they include capsules, tablets or strips for fastening the skin. They affect the villa residents, eliminating or damaging them, which allows the body to resolve infections.
It should be borne in mind that some microorganisms have a complex life cycle and require longer treatment. For example, the treatment of malaria can last for several weeks or even a month in order to fully resolve parasitic organisms. Therefore, you need to follow the instructions of the doctor and stop full treatment.
Change in Lifestyle
This is necessary to prevent re-infection and maintenance of physical health after passing during treatment. It is necessary to remember to observe the hygiene of hand and security rules when interacting with food and water. Proper cooking and careful product processing are also unbreaking components of preventing parasitic infections.
National methods
There are certain plants and plants that have antiparasic properties. But before using these funds, you should contact your doctor to turn off possible negative reactions or interactions with other medications.
Recommendations for the prevention of parasite infection
- Mandatory respect for personal hygiene. Washing hands before eating and after interaction with soil or animals, significantly reduces the likelihood of infection with different types of pathogen. You should also follow the accuracy of nail and cleanliness of shoes.
- Good processing and cooking are important factors that protect a person from parasitic infections. To resolve possible parasites, the product must be well prepared. Fruits and vegetables should be thoroughly washed.
- Drinking water. The water class used for drinking plays a very important role in preventing parasite infection. To turn off the infection, the liquid needs to go through the filter and processing. It is also advised to use only bottled water when traveling to countries with underdeveloped water infrastructure.
- Pets concern. Due to the fact that domestic animals can be parasite carrier (Helminths), it is recommended to regularly implement the prevention from the worms and check the presence of fleas.
- When you visit a public place where there is a large accumulation of people, it is necessary to observe hygienic rules and be extremely attentive - there is no food of unknown origin.
- Medical examination and vaccination. Periodic medical inspections play a major role in detecting parasitic infections and treatment in the initial phases. In particular, the following vaccination recommendations is worth from specific parasitic diseases when traveling to countries with a high level of threat of infection.
Useful tips
- Be sure to pay attention to hygiene. You have to wash your hands as needed, not only before meals or after contact with contaminated surfaces (animals).
- Validation of the presence of high quality drinking water quality. Water can become a source of different parasitic infections, especially if it is not thoroughly treated. It is necessary to use exclusively purified or filtered water.
- Avoid products with insufficient heat processing. As mentioned earlier, many parasites are transferred to food products. Therefore, it is necessary to perform thermal processing of meat, fish and other products. The exclusion of uncultivated or unfinished meat from the diet is recommended.
- Buy products from reliable suppliers. Buy goods only in reliable sales places and bazaars, where sanitary control is respected.
- Strengthen the immune system. Using a strong protective mechanism, the body can successfully resist various infections, as well as parasitic diseases. Regular use of fresh fruits and vegetables, full food (with enough protein) and physical activity can maintain the immune system in the appropriate form.
- Periodic medical examinations. With a systematic visit to the doctor, it is possible to identify the presence of parasites or signs of their presence.
- When communicating with animals, hygiene norms should be observed. If there are pets, do not ignore personal hygiene rules. Kates for cats, bird cells with feathers and other places where pests can accumulate periodically clean.
- Antiparasitic medications must be used. There are different drugs that help do not infect certain types of parasites. To select the necessary medications, contact a doctor's worker or pharmacist.
Possible complications
Some parasitic infections can be simple or short technique, but others can become a serious threat.
One of the possible complications in the presence of the parasite in the body is as a rule inallergic response. Most parasites produce poisons and substances substances that can cause serious allergies in humans. It is manifested in the form of skin rash, itching, edema or redness.
Another common complication is a violation of the digestive apparatus. Enteroparasites can penetrate the gastrointestinal tract and consume its content. This is what leads to a reduction in the assimilation of nutrients from food, as well as the development of lack of vitamins and trace elements.
In addition, harmful microorganisms can damage the tissues of the human body. For example, parasites in the form of intestinal and flat worms can penetrate the liver or gallbladder into an organ that causes an inflammatory process. These parasites differ poisons that tend to harm other bodies and tissues.
Parasitic zones can inhibit the protective response of the human body, which leads to increased sensitivity to other infections (common colds or allergic reactions).
It must be emphasized that complications in the presence of pests in the body depend on different factors (pest type, infection level and the general physical form of a person). They include age, immunity and presence of chronic diseases.
Basic measures for preventing potential complications are standard testing for the presence of parasites and timely treatment.